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Allocations

Intro to Allocations

U.S. Non-Federal-Government Allocations

90 - 110 kHz
RADIONAVIGATION

US2 US104

FCC Rule Parts:
Aviation (87)
Private Land Mobile (90)

U.S. Federal Government Allocations

90 - 110 kHz
RADIONAVIGATION

US2 US104

ITU Region 1 Allocations

90 - 110 kHz
RADIONAVIGATION
Fixed

5.64 US2 US104

ITU Region 2 Allocations

90 - 110 kHz
RADIONAVIGATION
Fixed

5.64 US2 US104

ITU Region 3 Allocations

90 - 110 kHz
RADIONAVIGATION
Fixed

5.64 US2 US104

SpectrumWiki

Band Uses (90 - 110 kHz)

Radiofrequency Identification (RFID)

LORAN

Footnotes

5.62 Administrations which operate stations in the radionavigation service in the band 90-110 kHz are urged to coordinate technical and operating characteristics in such a way as to avoid harmful interference to the services provided by these stations.

5.64 Only classes A1A or F1B, A2C, A3C, F1C or F3C emissions are authorized for stations of the fixed service in the bands allocated to this service between 90 kHz and 160 kHz (148.5 kHz in Region 1) and for stations of the maritime mobile service in the bands allocated to this service between 110 kHz and 160 kHz (148.5 kHz in Region 1). Exceptionally, class J2B or J7B emissions are also authorized in the bands between 110 kHz and 160 kHz (148.5 kHz in Region 1) for stations of the maritime mobile service.

US2   In the band 9-490 kHz, electric utilities operate Power Line Carrier (PLC) systems on power transmission lines for communications important to the reliability and security of electric service to the public. These PLC systems operate under the provisions of 47 CFR part 15, or Chapter 8 of the NTIA Manual, on an unprotected and non-interference basis with respect to authorized radio users. Notification of intent to place new or revised radio frequency assignments or PLC frequency uses in the band 9-490 kHz is to be made in accordance with the Rules and Regulations of the FCC and NTIA, and users are urged to minimize potential interference to the extent practicable. This footnote does not provide any allocation status to PLC radio frequency uses.

US18   In the bands 9-14 kHz, 90-110 kHz, 190-415 kHz, 510-535 kHz, and 2700-2900 MHz, navigation aids in the U.S. and its insular areas are normally operated by the Federal Government. However, authorizations may be made by the FCC for non-Federal operations in these bands subject to the conclusion of appropriate arrangements between the FCC and the Federal agencies concerned and upon special showing of need for service which the Federal Government is not yet prepared to render.

US104   In the band 90-110 kHz, the LORAN radionavigation system has priority in the United States and its insular areas. Radiolocation land stations making use of LORAN type equipment may be authorized to both Federal and non-Federal licensees on a secondary basis for offshore radiolocation activities only at specific locations and subject to such technical and operational conditions (e.g., power, emission, pulse rate and phase code, hours of operation), including on-the-air testing, as may be required on a case-by-case basis to ensure protection of the LORAN radionavigation system from harmful interference and to ensure mutual compatibility among radiolocation operators. Such authorizations to stations in the radiolocation service are further subject to showing of need for service which is not currently provided and which the Federal Government is not yet prepared to render by way of the radionavigation service.

SpectrumWiki

Band Uses (90 - 110 kHz)

Radiofrequency Identification (RFID)

An RFID system consists of an interrogator and a transponder, and is used for identification and data capture. RFID systems are used for a very wide range of applications, including:

Highway tolls
Vehicle tracking
Container tracking
Inventory control & theft prevention (often used to prevent shoplifting)
Healthcare (patient & drug tracking)
Passports
ID cards
Building entry
Livestock & pet tracking

and numerous other applications.

RFID tags can be extremely small devices with little or no internal power, which respond to an interrogation by utilizing some of the RF energy imparted by the interrogator; or they can be larger powered units that can be interrogated over larger distances.

The ITU is in the process of attempting to harmonize RFID bands, since RFID systems are used for global commerce. ITU Study Group 1 (Working Party 1B) is drafting a new ITU-R Recommendation on RFID.

ISO/IEC18000 is the principal standard for the RFID air interface.

RFID systems typically operate in ISM and unlicensed bands.

The bands listed below represent the totality of the various bands presently used around the world. The exact bands used in specific countries may vary (and is what the ITU is attempting to harmonize).

Frequency Bands
Band	Use	Service	Table
9 - 135 kHz	RFID (inductive systems)	-	-
13553 - 13567 kHz	RFID (inductive systems)	-	-
433.05 - 434.79 MHz	RFID (often used for tracking shipping containers)	-	-
860 - 960 MHz	RFID (ITU Regions 1 & 3)	-	-
902 - 928 MHz	RFID (ITU Region 2)	-	-
2400 - 2500 MHz	RFID	-	-
5725 - 5875 MHz	RFID	-	-

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LORAN

LORAN (LOng RAnge Navigation) is a hyperbolic navigation system used for maritime and aeronautical navigation. The LORAN system was first developed during World War II, and continues in use in some parts of the world today. In the United States, LORAN was deemed to be unnecessary after the advent of GPS, and funding for U.S. LORAN stations was discontinued in 2010.

The earliest version of LORAN, LORAN-A, used frequencies in the 1.7-2 MHz range. LORAN-B was an improved variant of LORAN-A. LORAN-A operations in the United States were shut down in 1980. LORAN-C, components of which are still in operation, uses a frequency of 100 kHz, but the pulsed nature of the emissions spread the occupied band to roughly 90-110 kHz. LORAN-D was a shorter range/higher accuracy tactical system.

Frequencies
Frequency	Bandwidth	Use	Service	Table
100 kHz	20 kHz	LORAN-C	Radionavigation	F
1750 kHz	20 kHz	LORAN-A (historic)	Radionavigation	F
1850 kHz	20 kHz	LORAN-A (historic)	Radionavigation	F
1900 kHz	20 kHz	LORAN-A (historic)	Radionavigation	F
1950 kHz	20 kHz	LORAN-A (historic)	Radionavigation	F

External Links:

LORAN (Wikipedia)

LORAN-B and LORAN-D

LORAN-C Signal Characteristics

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Engineering Data

	Lower Frequency	Center Frequency	Upper Frequency
Frequency	90 kHz	100 kHz	110 kHz
Wavelength	3331.0 m	2997.9 m	2725.4 m
Band designator(s)	LF	LF	LF
Isotropic collecting area	882,971.2 m²	715,206.6 m²	591,079.9 m²
Free space loss (1 m)	N/A (near field)	N/A (near field)	N/A (near field)
Free space loss (1 km)	11.5 dB	12.5 dB	13.3 dB
Free space loss (10 km)	31.5 dB	32.5 dB	33.3 dB
Free space loss (100 km)	51.5 dB	52.5 dB	53.3 dB
Free space loss (1000 km)	71.5 dB	72.5 dB	73.3 dB
Free space loss (35,786 km = GEO orbit)	102.6 dB	103.5 dB	104.4 dB
Free space loss (378,370 km = Moon)	123.1 dB	124.0 dB	124.8 dB