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Allocations

Intro to Allocations

U.S. Non-Federal-Government Allocations

1164 - 1215 MHz
AERONAUTICAL RADIONAVIGATION 5.328
RADIONAVIGATION-SATELLITE (space-to-Earth)

5.328A US224

FCC Rule Parts:
Aviation (87)

U.S. Federal Government Allocations

1164 - 1215 MHz
AERONAUTICAL RADIONAVIGATION 5.328
RADIONAVIGATION-SATELLITE (space-to-Earth)

5.328A US224

ITU Region 1 Allocations

1164 - 1215 MHz
AERONAUTICAL MOBILE 5.328
RADIONAVIGATION-SATELLITE (space-to-Earth) 5.328B

5.328A

ITU Region 2 Allocations

1164 - 1215 MHz
AERONAUTICAL MOBILE 5.328
RADIONAVIGATION-SATELLITE (space-to-Earth) 5.328B

5.328A

ITU Region 3 Allocations

1164 - 1215 MHz
AERONAUTICAL MOBILE 5.328
RADIONAVIGATION-SATELLITE (space-to-Earth) 5.328B

5.328A

SpectrumWiki

Band Uses (1164 - 1215 MHz)

Global Positioning System (GPS)

Link 16

China BeiDou Radionavigation Satellite System

Galileo Radionavigation Satellite System

Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Satellite

Footnotes

5.328 The use of the band 960-1 215 MHz by the aeronautical radionavigation service is reserved on a worldwide basis for the operation and development of airborne electronic aids to air navigation and any directly associated ground-based facilities. (WRC 2000)

5.328A Stations in the radionavigation-satellite service in the band 1 164-1 215 MHz shall operate in accordance with the provisions of Resolution 609 (Rev.WRC 07) and shall not claim protection from stations in the aeronautical radionavigation service in the band 960-1 215 MHz. No. 5.43A does not apply. The provisions of No. 21.18 shall apply. (WRC 07)

5.328B The use of the bands 1 164-1 300 MHz, 1 559-1 610 MHz and 5 010-5 030 MHz by systems and networks in the radionavigation-satellite service for which complete coordination or notification information, as appropriate, is received by the Radiocommunication Bureau after 1 January 2005 is subject to the application of the provisions of Nos. 9.12, 9.12A and 9.13. Resolution 610 (WRC 03)* shall also apply; however, in the case of radionavigation-satellite service (space-to-space) networks and systems, Resolution 610 (WRC-03)* shall only apply to transmitting space stations. In accordance with No. 5.329A, for systems and networks in the radionavigation-satellite service (space-to-space) in the bands 1 215 1 300 MHz and 1 559-1 610 MHz, the provisions of Nos. 9.7, 9.12, 9.12A and 9.13 shall only apply with respect to other systems and networks in the radionavigation-satellite service (space-to-space). (WRC-07)

US224 Federal systems utilizing spread spectrum techniques for terrestrial communication, navigation and identification may be authorized to operate in the band 960-1215 MHz on the condition that harmful interference will not be caused to the aeronautical radionavigation service. These systems will be handled on a case-by-case basis. Such systems shall be subject to a review at the national level for operational requirements and electromagnetic compatibility prior to development, procurement or modification.

SpectrumWiki

Band Uses (1164 - 1215 MHz)

Global Positioning System (GPS)

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a U.S.-owned utility that provides users with positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) services. This system consists of three segments: the space segment, the control segment, and the user segment. The U.S. Air Force develops, maintains, and operates the space and control segments.

GPS satellites provide service to civilian and military users. The civilian service is freely available to all users on a continuous, worldwide basis. The military service is available to U.S. and allied armed forces as well as approved Government agencies.

The specified minimum signal strength on the ground for GPS is:

L1 P(Y):	-161.5 dBW
L1 C/A:	-158.5 dBW
L2 P(Y):	-161.5 dBW
L2 C:	-158.5 dBW
L5 (I5 & Q5):	-157.0 dBW

The first of 32 next-generation GPS satellites (GPS III) is scheduled to be launced in 2014. The new system isn't expected to have widespread availability before approximately 2020.

Frequencies
Frequency	Bandwidth	Use	Service	Table
1176.45 MHz	24 MHz	GPS Link 5 (L5)	Radionavigation-satellite	F
1227.6 MHz	30.69 MHz	GPS Link 2 (L2)	Radionavigation-satellite	F
1379.913 MHz	-	GPS Link 4 (L4)	Radionavigation-satellite	F
1381.05 MHz	-	GPS Link 3 (L3)	Radionavigation-satellite	F
1575.42 MHz	30.69 MHz	GPS Link 1 (L1)	Radionavigation-satellite	F

External Links:

GPS L5 Interface Specification IS-GPS-705

Global Positioning System (Wikipedia)

GPS Interface Specification IS-GPS-200 Rev E

Official U.S. Government Website for GPS

A basic technical introduction to GPS by Prof. Eric Calais of Purdue University

Air Force Memo on Approved Lexicon of GPS Signal Abbreviations

Explanation of New GPS Civil Signals L2C, L5, and L1C

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Link 16

Link 16 is a tactical military data exchange network used by U.S. and NATO forces. It is a secure TDMA-based technology that supports voice and data connectivity up to 238 kbps. Link 16 is deployed in a wide variety of air, sea, and ground-based platforms, including: fighter jets, helicopters, AWACS; U.S. aircraft carrier groups; missile defense systems including Patriot; and many other assets.

Link 16 has been in use since the 1980's.

See the referenced Wikipedia article for more information.

Frequency Bands
Band	Use	Service	Table
960 - 1215 MHz	Link 16	-	F

External Links:

Link 16 (Wikipedia)

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China BeiDou Radionavigation Satellite System

BeiDou is a Chinese radionavigation satellite system similar in function to GPS. "BeiDou" roughly translates to "compass" in English.

As of early 2024, the constellation consists of 44 satellites:
- 7 GEO (38,300 km)
- 27 MEO (21,500 km; 55 deg inclination)
- 10 inclined GSO (IGSO)

The minimum signal strength on the ground for all four signals is -163 dBW.

According to Penn State:

"The future BeiDou is expected to support two different kind of general services: Radio Determination Satellite Service (RDSS) and Radio Navigation Satellite Service (RNSS). The RDSS will include a short message communication (guaranteeing backward compatibility with BeiDou-1). A satellite-based 2-way short message service in China and the surrounding areas (75 -135 ° E 10 -55° N) with a power of less than 3W and a capacity of more than 10 million messages/hr using 3 GEO satellites. The RDSS Characteristics will include a global message service using inter-satellite crosslinks with 10W of power and a capacity of 200,000 messages/hr using 14 MEO satellites. The Radio Navigation Satellite Service (RNSS) is very similar to that provided by GPS and Galileo and is designed to achieve a similar performance."

Frequencies
Frequency	Bandwidth	Use	Service	Table
1207.14 MHz	24 MHz	BeiDou B2 signal	Radionavigation-satellite	-
1268.52 MHz	24 MHz	BeiDou B3 signal	Radionavigation-satellite	-
1561.098 MHz	4.092 MHz	BeiDou B1 signal	Radionavigation-satellite	-
1589.742 MHz	4.092 MHz	BeiDou B1-2 signal	Radionavigation-satellite	-

External Links:

Chinese BeiDou (Penn State)

List of BeiDou satellites (Wikipedia)

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Galileo Radionavigation Satellite System

Galileo is a European radionavigation satellite system. The Galileo constellation will consist of 30 operational satellites in medium Earth orbit (MEO) at an altitude of 23,222 km, at 56 deg inclination. As of 2024, it is not fully deployed.

Frequencies
Frequency	Bandwidth	Use	Service	Table
1176.45 MHz	20.46 MHz	Galileo E5a signal	Radionavigation-satellite	-
1191.795 MHz	51.15 MHz	Galileo E5 signal	Radionavigation-satellite	-
1207.14 MHz	20.46 MHz	Galileo E5b signal	Radionavigation-satellite	-
1278.75 MHz	40.92 MHz	Galileo E6 signal	Radionavigation-satellite	-
1575.42 MHz	24.552 MHz	Galileo E1 signal	Radionavigation-satellite	-

External Links:

Chinese BeiDou (Penn State)

Galileo (satellite navigation) (Wikipedia)

Galileo Signal Plan (ESA Navipedia)

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Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Satellite

The Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite is a planned NASA satellite mission to monitor soil moisture around the globe. It is planned for launch in 2014.

As its name implies, the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite uses active and passive radio systems to measure soil moisture around the globe. The spacecraft is in a sun-syncronous orbit that passes overhead of its target areas around 6 AM and 6 PM, approximately every 3 days at the equator and every 2 days at high latitudes.

SMAP's sensors can determine soil moisture down to a depth of approximately 5-10 cm. The active radar provides approximately 3 km resolution on the ground, using a 6 m antenna and measuring reflections in HH, VV, and HV polarization modes. The radar works in frequency hopping mode to avoid interference to and from aviation radars that operate in the same band. The instantaneous signal from the radar consists of two separate signals each of ~1.4 MHz bandwidth, separated by 5 MHz. It pulses every ~354 microseconds, for a duration of ~10-20 microseconds per pulse. The radar transmit power (not EIRP) is a few hundred watts.

SMAP will operate in a circular orbit of 670 km altitude. The ground footprint of the radar is approximately 1000 km. Resolution of the radar in low-resolution mode is approximately 40 km, and in high-resolution mode the resolution is approximately 3 km.

Soil moisture data can be used for improving numerical weather prediction, including seasonal climate prediction and rainfall prediction.

Like the European SMOS satellite, it is anticipated that SMAP's passive sensor will be subject to illegal RFI in the passive-only 1400-1427 MHz band.

Frequency Bands
Band	Use	Service	Table
1200 - 1300 MHz	SMAP active radar	Earth Exploration-satellite	F
1400 - 1427 MHz	SMAP passive radiometer	Earth Exploration-satellite	F

External Links:

SMAP Web (NASA/JPL)

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Occupancy Measurements (10)

Band Plan (1)

Engineering Data

	Lower Frequency	Center Frequency	Upper Frequency
Frequency	1164 MHz	1189.5 MHz	1215 MHz
Wavelength	25.8 cm	25.2 cm	24.7 cm
Band designator(s)	UHF; L-band (IEEE)	UHF; L-band (IEEE)	UHF; L-band (IEEE)
Isotropic collecting area	52.8 cm²	50.5 cm²	48.4 cm²
Free space loss (1 m)	33.8 dB	34.0 dB	34.1 dB
Free space loss (1 km)	93.8 dB	94.0 dB	94.1 dB
Free space loss (10 km)	113.8 dB	114.0 dB	114.1 dB
Free space loss (100 km)	133.8 dB	134.0 dB	134.1 dB
Free space loss (1000 km)	153.8 dB	154.0 dB	154.1 dB
Free space loss (35,786 km = GEO orbit)	184.8 dB	185.0 dB	185.2 dB
Free space loss (378,370 km = Moon)	205.3 dB	205.5 dB	205.7 dB