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DISH Network
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DISH network uses the 12.2-12.7 GHz band for its direct broadcast satellite TV service. This is the band received by customers who subscribe to the DISH Network service. The satellites also transmit relatively narrowband (300 kHz-1 MHz) telemetry, tracking, and control (TT&C) signals in this band, primarily in the lower and upper few MHz of the band.
DISH uses 17.3-17.8 GHz for feeder links (uploading the TV signals from the ground to the satellites), from earth stations located in Cheyenne, WY, and Gilbert, AZ. It also sends relatively narrowband (36 kHz-800 kHz) telemetry, tracking, and control signals to the satellites from these earth stations, primarily in the lower and upper few MHz of the band.
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Frequency Bands |
Band | Use | Service | Table |
12.2 - 12.7 GHz | DISH Network direct broadcast TV service & affiliated TT&C signals | BS | N |
17.3 - 17.8 GHz | DISH Network feeder links and TT&C signals | Fixed-satellite | N |
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ViaSat-1 Ka-band Satellite
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ViaSat uses this spectrum for its Ka-band direct-to-consumer broadband Internet service, under the trade name "exede." The ViaSat-1 satellite was launched from Baikonur on October 19th, 2011, and entered commercial service on January 16th, 2012.
The satellite downlinks and uplinks use both right- and left-hand circular polarizations from a geostationary orbit at 115.1 deg west longitude.
ViaSat-1 has 72 user beams, of which 63 serve the U.S. Nine beams serve Canada.
User terminals utilize a dish of 0.695 m (about 27") maximum diameter, and will uplink using carriers between 625 kHz and 10 MHz wide using max EIRP between 47.2-50.3 dBW. The antennas have transmit gain of about 44 dBi, and receive gain of about 40 dBi. ViaSat is authorized for up to 250,000 such terminals in the continental U.S., operating under the callsign E120026.
The satellite downlink bandwidth is between 52-416 MHz.
As of March 2013, ViaSat claimed 512,000 customers. They have also announced plans for the ViaSat-2 satellite, to be launched in mid-2016, which will have 2.5 times the capacity of ViaSat-1, and will have a single beam that covers the continental U.S., Mexico, most of Canada, portions of Central America and the Caribbean, and the North Atlantic over to the western edge of Europe.
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Frequency Bands |
Band | Use | Service | Table |
18.3 - 18.8 GHz | ViaSat-1 downlink | Fixed-satellite | N |
18.8 - 19.3 GHz | ViaSat-1 downlink | Fixed-satellite | N |
19.7 - 20.2 GHz | ViaSat-1 downlink | Fixed-satellite | N |
28.1 - 28.6 GHz | ViaSat-1 uplink | Fixed-satellite | N |
28.6 - 29.1 GHz | ViaSat-1 uplink | Fixed-satellite | N |
29.5 - 30 GHz | ViaSat-1 uplink | Fixed-satellite | N |
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Other 3 billion (03b) Networks
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O3b is a planned satellite system that will help provide broadband service to the world's "other 3 billion" people, generally in the equatorial region, that do not otherwise have good access.
O3b consists of 12 satellites in equatorial medium Earth orbit (MEO) at 8,062 km altitude. The satellites will be able to provide optimal service to +/-45 deg latitude, with limited service to +/-45-62 deg. Therefore, O3b will be able to provide services outside the equatorial regions, including in developed countries, although its main target area is developing countries. MEO was chosen to reduce the latency (round trip travel time) of the data connection, compared to the much larger distance/travel time to geostationary orbit and back.
The satellites will provide broadband service to "Tier 1" customers such as Internet Service Providers (ISPs), and "Tier 2" customers including cellular backhaul and VSAT network services. Because the satellites are not in geostationary orbits, customers will have to use tracking antennas to communicate with the satellites.
Each satellite provides service using ten 216 MHz channels.
O3b will operate in the fixed-satellite service, although FSS allocations do not exist throughout the anticipated frequency range.
O3b is based in Jersey, Channel Islands, and is therefore governed by Ofcom, the U.K. telecommunications regulatory authority. Its network operations center is in Virginia (USA), and its satellite operations center will be in Luxembourg. Multiple ground stations will operate around the globe.
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Frequency Bands |
Band | Use | Service | Table |
17.8 - 18.6 GHz | O3b Networks service and gateway downlinks | Fixed-satellite | N |
18.8 - 19.3 GHz | O3b Networks service, gateway, and TT&C downlinks | Fixed-satellite | N |
27.6 - 28.4 GHz | O3b Networks service and gateway uplinks | Fixed-satellite | N |
28.6 - 29.1 GHz | O3b Networks service, gateway, and TT&C uplinks | Fixed-satellite | N |
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