5.440A In Region 2 (except Brazil, Cuba, French overseas departments and communities, Guatemala, Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuela), and in Australia, the band 4 400-4 940 MHz may be used for aeronautical mobile telemetry for flight testing by aircraft stations (see No. 1.83). Such use shall be in accordance with Resolution 416 (WRC 07) and shall not cause harmful interference to, nor claim protection from, the fixed-satellite and fixed services. Any such use does not preclude the use of this band by other mobile service applications or by other services to which this band is allocated on a co-primary basis and does not establish priority in the Radio Regulations. (WRC-07)

5.441 The use of the bands 4 500-4 800 MHz (space-to-Earth), 6 725-7 025 MHz (Earth-to-space) by the fixed-satellite service shall be in accordance with the provisions of Appendix 30B. The use of the bands 10.7-10.95 GHz (space-to-Earth), 11.2-11.45 GHz (space-to-Earth) and 12.75-13.25 GHz (Earth-to-space) by geostationary-satellite systems in the fixed-satellite service shall be in accordance with the provisions of Appendix 30B. The use of the bands 10.7-10.95 GHz (space-to-Earth), 11.2-11.45 GHz (space-to-Earth) and 12.75-13.25 GHz (Earth-to-space) by a non geostationary-satellite system in the fixed-satellite service is subject to application of the provisions of No. 9.12 for coordination with other non-geostationary-satellite systems in the fixed-satellite service. Non geostationary-satellite systems in the fixed-satellite service shall not claim protection from geostationary-satellite networks in the fixed-satellite service operating in accordance with the Radio Regulations, irrespective of the dates of receipt by the Bureau of the complete coordination or notification information, as appropriate, for the non-geostationary-satellite systems in the fixed-satellite service and of the complete coordination or notification information, as appropriate, for the geostationary-satellite networks, and No. 5.43A does not apply. Non-geostationary-satellite systems in the fixed-satellite service in the above bands shall be operated in such a way that any unacceptable interference that may occur during their operation shall be rapidly eliminated. (WRC 2000)

US113 Radio astronomy observations of the formaldehyde line frequencies 4825-4835 MHz and 14.47-14.5 GHz may be made at certain radio astronomy observatories as indicated below:

Bands to be Observed
4 GHz	14 GHz	Observatory
X		National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center (NAIC), Arecibo, PR
X	X	National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), Green Bank, WV
X	X	NRAO, Socorro, NM
X		Allen Telescope Array (ATA), Hat Creek, CA
X	X	Owens Valley Radio Observatory (OVRO), Big Pine, CA
X	X	NRAO's ten Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) stations (see US131)
X	X	University of Michigan Radio Astronomy Observatory, Stinchfield Woods, MI
X		Pisgah Astronomical Research Institute, Rosman, NC

Every practicable effort will be made to avoid the assignment of frequencies to stations in the fixed or mobile services in these bands. Should such assignments result in harmful interference to these observations, the situation will be remedied to the extent practicable.

US245 In the bands 3600-3650 MHz (space-to-Earth), 4500-4800 MHz (space-to-Earth), and 5850-5925 MHz (Earth-to-space), the use of the non-Federal fixed-satellite service is limited to international inter-continental systems and is subject to case-by-case electromagnetic compatibility analysis. The FCC's policy for these bands is codified at 47 CFR 2.108.

US342 In making assignments to stations of other services to which the bands:

13 360-13 410 kHz	42.77-42.87 GHz*
25 550-25 670 kHz	43.07-43.17 GHz*
37.5-38.25 MHz	43.37-43.47 GHz*
322-328.6 MHz*	48.94-49.04 GHz*
1330-1400 MHz*	76-86 GHz
1610.6-1613.8 MHz*	92-94 GHz
1660-1660.5 MHz*	94.1-100 GHz
1668.4-1670 MHz*	102-109.5 GHz
3260-3267 MHz*	111.8-114.25 GHz
3332-3339 MHz*	128.33-128.59 GHz*
3345.8-3352.5 MHz*	129.23-129.49 GHz*
4825-4835 MHz*	130-134 GHz
4950-4990 MHz	136-148.5 GHz
6650-6675.2 MHz*	151.5-158.5 GHz
14.47-14.5 GHz*	168.59-168.93 GHz*
22.01-22.21 GHz*	171.11-171.45 GHz*
22.21-22.5 GHz	172.31-172.65 GHz*
22.81-22.86 GHz*	173.52-173.85 GHz*
23.07-23.12 GHz*	195.75-196.15 GHz*
31.2-31.3 GHz	209-226 GHz
36.43-36.5 GHz*	241-250 GHz
42.5-43.5 GHz	252-275 GHz

are allocated (*indicates radio astronomy use for spectral line observations), all practicable steps shall be taken to protect the radio astronomy service from harmful interference. Emissions from spaceborne or airborne stations can be particularly serious sources of interference to the radio astronomy service (see ITU Radio Regulations at Nos. 4.5 and 4.6 and Article 29).

SpectrumWiki

Band Uses (4.4 - 4.94 GHz)

Aeronautical Radio Altimeters

According to the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO):

"Th[is] band is used exclusively for airborne radio altimeters (also called radar altimeters) (see Footnote 5.438), which have a vital task in automated landing for flare guidance, and as the sensor component in ground proximity warning systems. The basic function of radio altimeters is to measure the aircraft's absolute height above ground level... These radio altimeters are operational during all phases of flight."

The center frequency for radio altimeters is 4300 +/- 25 MHz. The altimeters use a power output of 20-500 mW, and have a range of up to about 5000 ft (about 1526 m). Their antenna beamwidth is 70 deg, and the pulse width is approximately 200 ns.

Frequency Bands
Band	Use	Service	Table
4200 - 4400 MHz	Radio Altimeters	Aeronautical Radionavigation	-

External Links:

Handbook on Radio Frequency Spectrum Requirements for Civil Aviation (Source: ICAO)

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4.9 GHz Public Safety Spectrum

According to the FCC:

In 2002, the Commission allocated fifty megahertz of spectrum in the 4940-4990 MHz band (4.9 GHz band) for fixed and mobile services (except aeronautical mobile service) and designated this band for use in support of public safety. Non-traditional public safety entities, such as utilities and commercial entities, and the Federal Government may enter into sharing arrangements with eligible traditional public safety entities to use the 4.9 GHz band in support of their missions regarding homeland security and protection of life and property.

The 4.9 GHz band supports a wide variety of broadband applications. The following the types of uses have primary status in the 4.9 GHz band (however, all licensees will make every practical effort to protect radio astronomy operations identified in the Table of Frequency Allocations):

-Wireless LANs for incident scene management (ad hoc mobile networks)
-Mesh networks
-Wi-fi hotspots
-Voice over IP (VoIP)
-Temporary fixed communications
-Permanent fixed point-to-point/multipoint links that deliver broadband service
-Permanent fixed point-to-point video surveillance
-Permanent fixed point-to-point/multipoint backhaul of broadband traffic originating from 700 MHz public safety broadband networks

The following types of uses have secondary status to primary uses of the band:
-Permanent fixed point-to-point/multipoint links that deliver narrowband traffic
-Permanent fixed point-to-point/multipoint backhaul of traffic originating from public safety bands not designated for broadband (i.e. public safety VHF, UHF, narrowband 700 MHz and 800 MHz) to other networks

Rules for the 4.9 GHz band are in 47 C.F.R. Part 90, Sections 90.1201 through 90.1217

Frequency Bands
Band	Use	Service	Table
4940 - 4990 MHz	4.9 GHz Public Safety Spectrum	Mobile	-
4940 - 4990 MHz	4.9 GHz Public Safety Spectrum	Fixed	-

External Links:

FCC 4.9 GHz Public Safety Spectrum Web site

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Military Troposcatter Systems

802.11/WLAN/Wi-Fi/WiGig

Wireless LANS utilize various channels in the 2.4, 5, and 6 GHz bands (multiple countries), and (in theory) the 3.6 GHz band (U.S. only). For a list of which channels are available in which regions, refer to the Wikipedia article.

Wi-Fi is a trademark permitted for devices that are based upon a published standard of the IEEE 802.11 committee and that have been certified by the Wi-Fi Alliance. Wi-Fi is presently incorporated in about three billion devices. Wireless cash registers were one of the earliest applications of what is now Wi-Fi.

Wi-Fi devices operate on an unlicensed basis, generally meaning they cannot cause interference to licensed services, and must accept any interference caused to them. Wi-Fi shares bands with other unlicensed or ISM devices, such as cordless phones at 2.4 and 5.8 GHz and microwave ovens at 2.4 GHz.

Some of the key patents related to Wi-Fi are credited (in the courts at least) to the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) in Australia, which has collected over $400 million in royalties and legal settlements over patent rights.

Frequency Bands
Band	Use	Service	Table
2400 - 2495 MHz	Wireless LANs	-	-
3655 - 3700 MHz	Wireless LANS (U.S. only; standardized but not used)	-	-
4910 - 4990 MHz	Wireless LANs (Japan) (U.S. public safety 4940-4990)	-	-
5030 - 5090 MHz	WLANs (Japan, 2002-2017)	-	-
5150 - 5350 MHz	Wireless LANs (U-NII-1 and U-NII-2A)	-	-
5470 - 5895 MHz	Wireless LANs (U-NII-2C, U-NII-3, U-NII-4)	-	-
5925 - 7125 MHz	Wireless LANs (U-NII-5, U-NII-6, U-NII-7, U-NII-8)	-	-
42.39 - 46.71 GHz	Wireless LANs (WiGig)	-	-
57.24 - 74.52 GHz	Wireless LANs (WiGig)	-	-

External Links:

List of WLAN Channels (Wikipedia)

Wi-Fi Alliance

IEEE 802.11 Committee

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Radio Astronomy Formaldehyde (H2CO) Observations

Radio astronomers observe molecular lines of formaldehyde at both 14.49 GHz and 4830 MHz. According to the European Science Foundation's Committee on Radio Astronomy Frequencies (CRAF):

At 14.4885 GHz an important formaldehyde (H2CO) line exists, which has been observed in the direction of many galactic sources. Since these lines originate from the upper levels of ortho-formaldehyde their study gives valuable information on the physical conditions of the interstellar medium, because the excitation energies required to produce such lines are different from the energies required to produce the H2CO lines observed at 4829.66 MHz.

There is no formal allocation to the radio astronomy service in these bands, but the international footnote 5.149 and the U.S. footnote US203 note that consideration should be taken to the use of 14.47-14.5 GHz and 4825-4835 MHz band segments for radio astronomy.

In the U.S., there is an increasing use of the entire 14-14.5 GHz band by vehicle-, ship-, and airplane-based Internet terminals that communicate through geostationary satellites (14-14.5 GHz is used as the uplink band). Such activities are required by the FCC to be coordinated with the radio astronomy service.

Frequency Bands
Band	Use	Service	Table
4825 - 4835 MHz	Radio astronomy observations of formaldehyde (4829.66 MHz)	Radio Astronomy	-
14.47 - 14.5 GHz	Radio astronomy observations of formaldehyde (14.4885 GHz)	Radio Astronomy	-

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WRC-23 Agenda Item 1.1

"to consider, based on the results of the ITU-R studies, possible measures to address, in the frequency band 4 800-4 990 MHz, protection of stations of the aeronautical and maritime mobile services located in international airspace and waters from other stations located within national territories, and to review the pfd criteria in No. 5.441B in accordance with Resolution 223 (Rev.WRC-19);"

Frequency Bands
Band	Use	Service	Table
4800 - 4990 MHz	WRC-23 Agenda Item 1.1	-	-

External Links:

WRC-23 Agenda

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WRC-27 study for potential IMT use

WRC-27 agenda item 1.7:

to consider studies on sharing and compatibility and develop technical conditions for the use of International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) in the frequency bands 4 400-4 800 MHz, 7 125-8 400 MHz (or parts thereof), and 14.8-15.35 GHz taking into account existing primary services operating in these, and adjacent, frequency bands, in accordance with Resolution 256 (WRC-23)

Frequency Bands
Band	Use	Service	Table
4400 - 4800 MHz	WRC-27 study for potential IMT use	Mobile	-
7125 - 8400 MHz	WRC-27 study for potential IMT use	Mobile	-
14.8 - 15.35 GHz	WRC-27 study for potential IMT use	Mobile	-

External Links:

Resolution 256 (WRC-23)

WRC-27 Agenda (see Annex 1)

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WRC-27 consideration of EESS (passive) allocations

WRC-27 agenda item 1.19:

to consider possible primary allocations in all Regions to the Earth exploration-satellite service (passive) in the frequency bands 4 200-4 400 MHz and 8 400-8 500 MHz, in accordance with Resolution 674 (WRC-23)

Frequency Bands
Band	Use	Service	Table
4200 - 4400 MHz	WRC-27 consideration of EESS (passive) allocations	Earth Exploration-satellite	-
8400 - 8500 MHz	WRC-27 consideration of EESS (passive) allocations	Earth Exploration-satellite	-

External Links:

WRC-27 agenda (see annex 1)

Resolution 674 (WRC-23)

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Related Documents, Links, and Multimedia:

FCC Proceeding (2)

FCC WRC-12 Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (FCC 15-50)

In the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (WRC-12 Notice), we propose to amend Parts 2, 15, 80, 90, 97, and 101 of the Commission’s rules to implement allocation decisions from the WRC-12 Final Acts and make certain updates to our rules. Specifically, we propose to:

• Allocate the 8.3-11.3 kHz band to the meteorological aids service on a primary basis.

• Allocate the 472-479 kHz band (630 meter band) to the amateur service on a secondary basis.

• Amend the amateur service rules to provide for use of the 135.7-137.8 kHz (2200 meter) and 472-479 kHz (630 meter) bands. Amateur stations would share the band with power line carrier (PLC) systems operated by electric utilities. Amateur stations would be permitted to operate in these bands at fixed locations when separated from electric transmission lines by a specified distance.

• Amend Part 80 of the Commission’s rules to authorize radio buoy operations in the 1900-2000 kHz band under a ship station license.

• Limit the use of the 495-505 kHz band to the maritime mobile service.

• Allocate seven frequency bands (4.438-4.488 MHz, 5.25-5.275 MHz, 16.1-16.2 MHz, 24.45-24.65 MHz, 26.2-26.42 MHz, 41.015-41.665 MHz, and 43.35-44 MHz) to the radiolocation service (RLS) on a primary basis for Federal and non-Federal use, allocate the 13.45-13.55 MHz band to the RLS on a secondary basis for Federal and non-Federal use, limit the use of these RLS allocations to oceanographic radars, require that these radars not cause harmful interference to, or claim protection from, existing and future stations in the incumbent fixed and mobile services, and amend Part 90 of the Commission’s rules accordingly.

• Reallocate the 156.7625-156.7875 MHz (AIS 3) and 156.8125-156.8375 MHz (AIS 4) bands to the MSS (Earth-to-space) on a primary basis for Federal and non-Federal use to allow for greater probability of vessel tracking, with resulting benefits to maritime safety and security.

• Seek comment on the ability of Federal/non-Federal AMT stations to share spectrum with the incumbent services in the 4400-4940 MHz and 5925-6700 MHz bands.

• Extend the AM(R)S allocation from the 5091-5150 MHz band (adopted in the WRC-07 R&O) by also allocating the 5000-5091 MHz range to the AM(R)S on a primary basis for Federal and non-Federal use. AM(R)S use of the smaller 5000-5030 MHz range would extend the tuning range for AeroMACS, with the use of the 5010-5030 MHz band limited to those requirements that cannot be meet in the 5000-5010 MHz and 5091-5150 MHz bands. AM(R)S use of the 5030-5091 MHz band would support line-of-sight control links for unmanned aircraft.

• Allocate the 7850-7900 MHz band to the meteorological-satellite service (space-to-Earth) on a primary basis for Federal use.

• Allocate the 15.4-15.7 GHz band to the RLS on a primary basis for Federal use.

• Allocate the 22.55-23.15 GHz band to the space research service (SRS) (Earth-to-space) on a primary basis for Federal and non-Federal use and allocate the 25.5-27 GHz band to the SRS (space-to-Earth) on a primary basis for non-Federal use.

• Delete the aeronautical mobile service allocation from the 37-38 GHz band.

• Encourage operators of fixed stations operating in the 81-86 GHz and 92-94 GHz bands to take all reasonable steps to ensure that their unwanted emissions power in the 86-92 GHz band does not exceed the levels recommended by WRC-12.

Frequencies/Bands

8.3 - 11.3 kHz

135.7 - 137.8 kHz

472 - 479 kHz

495 - 505 kHz

1900 - 2000 kHz

4438 - 4488 kHz

5250 - 5275 kHz

13450 - 13550 kHz

16100 - 16200 kHz

24450 - 24650 kHz

26200 - 26420 kHz

41.015 - 41.665 MHz

43.35 - 44 MHz

156.775 MHz

156.825 MHz

4400 - 4940 MHz

5000 - 5150 MHz

5925 - 6700 MHz

7850 - 7900 MHz

15.4 - 15.7 GHz

22.55 - 23.15 GHz

25.5 - 27 GHz

37 - 38 GHz

86 - 92 GHz

275 - 3000 GHz

Document type and status: FCC proceeding (Current)
Document date or date of hyperlink query: July 29, 2015

FCC WRC-12 Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (FCC 15-50)

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FCC 4.9 GHz Fourth R&O and Fifth Further NPRM

In this Fourth Report and Order and Fifth Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (Fourth Report and Order and Fifth Further Notice, respectively), we first adopt rule changes to Part 90 of the Commission’s rules pertaining to public safety operations in the 4940 4990 MHz (4.9 GHz) band to clarify, as well as correct certain provisions in the technical rules and several entries in the Public Safety Pool Frequency Table and associated list of limitations. We next seek comment on specific proposals designed to establish appropriate frequency coordination procedures for 4.9 GHz operations and to encourage improved spectrum efficiency and greater use of the 4.9 GHz band. These steps are part of our continuing effort to provide clear and concise rules that facilitate and promote the deployment of new wireless technologies, devices and services.1 In addition, given directives in the Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012 (“Spectrum Act”)2 to develop a nationwide interoperable public safety broadband network, we invite comment on how the 4.9 GHz band can best be used to complement this network.

Frequencies/Bands

4940 - 4990 MHz

Document type and status: FCC proceeding (Current)
Document date or date of hyperlink query: July 19, 2012
Fcc Docket(s): WP Docket No. 07-100, PS Docket No. 06-229, WT Docket No. 06-150

FCC 4.9 GHz Fourth R&O and Fifth Further NPRM

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Engineering Data

	Lower Frequency	Center Frequency	Upper Frequency
Frequency	4.4 GHz	4.67 GHz	4.94 GHz
Wavelength	6.8 cm	6.4 cm	6.1 cm
Band designator(s)	SHF; C-band (IEEE)	SHF; C-band (IEEE)	SHF; C-band (IEEE)
Isotropic collecting area	3.7 cm²	3.3 cm²	2.9 cm²
Free space loss (1 m)	45.5 dB	45.8 dB	46.1 dB
Free space loss (1 km)	105.5 dB	105.8 dB	106.1 dB
Free space loss (10 km)	125.5 dB	125.8 dB	126.1 dB
Free space loss (100 km)	145.5 dB	145.8 dB	146.1 dB
Free space loss (1000 km)	165.5 dB	165.8 dB	166.1 dB
Free space loss (35,786 km = GEO orbit)	196.6 dB	196.9 dB	197.1 dB
Free space loss (378,370 km = Moon)	217.1 dB	217.4 dB	217.6 dB