5.254 The bands 235-322 MHz and 335.4-399.9 MHz may be used by the mobile-satellite service, subject to agreement obtained under No. 9.21, on condition that stations in this service do not cause harmful interference to those of other services operating or planned to be operated in accordance with the Table of Frequency Allocations except for the additional allocation made in footnote No. 5.256A. (WRC-03)

G27 In the bands 225-328.6 MHz, 335.4-399.9 MHz, and 1350-1390 MHz, the fixed and mobile services are limited to the military services.

G100 The bands 235-322 MHz and 335.4-399.9 MHz are also allocated on a primary basis to the mobile-satellite service, limited to military operations.

SpectrumWiki

WRC-19 Agenda Item 1.2

1.2 to consider in-band power limits for earth stations operating in the mobile-satellite service, meteorological-satellite service and Earth exploration-satellite service in the frequency bands 401-403 MHz and 399.9-400.05 MHz, in accordance with Resolution 765 [COM6/7] (WRC-15);

Frequency Bands
Band	Use	Service	Table
399.9 - 400.05 MHz	WRC-19 Agenda Item 1.2	-	-
401 - 403 MHz	WRC-19 Agenda Item 1.2	-	-

External Links:

WRC-19 (International Telecommunication Union)

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Military Mobile-Satellite Communications (NTIA)

Satellites operating in the mobile-satellite service in this band are used by the military services and the Coast Guard. The military mobile-satellite communications networks in the band serve ships at sea, aircraft, land-based forces, and a variety of other U.S. military fixed and mobile terminals used by mobile users. The bands 225-322 MHz and 335.4- 399.9 MHz are the only bands below 7250 MHz available for Federal Government mobile-satellite communications, and the narrowband satellite links are frequently the only reliable means of communications.

The military makes extensive use of the mobile-satellite service operating in this band because the electromagnetic waves can penetrate foliage, inclement weather, and urban terrain including concrete-reinforced buildings. Small antennas can be used at the earth terminals making it easy to transport the stations. There are numerous satellite earth terminals currently in use by the military, many of which are small and portable enough to be carried deep into theaters of operation.

The Federal use of the band for mobile satellites was initiated in 1978 with the Navy's Fleet Satellite Communications System (FLTSATCOM), a constellation of five geostationary satellites operating in the band 235-322 MHz, channelized into the downlinks at 243.855-269.95 MHz and corresponding uplinks in the band 292.85- 317.325 MHz. The Navy began upgrading the FLTSATCOM in the 1990s with the UHF Follow-On (UFO) satellites. The UFO satellites offer increased communications channel capacity over the same frequency spectrum used by the previous FLTSATCOM systems. Each UFO satellite has 39 channels with a total 555 kHz bandwidth. The satellite payload comprises 21 narrowband channels at 5 kHz each and 17 relay channels at 25 kHz.3 These channels are used by the military agencies for tactical communications on land, ships, submarines, and aircraft. The Coast Guard also uses channels on the military satellites on some of their ships.

The Department of Defense (DOD) Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS-III) series of geostationary satellites operating in the 7- and 8- GHz bands also carry a transponder in this band called the single channel transponder (SCT) that provides communications for emergency action messages to the forces. The Military, Strategic, and Tactical Relay Satellite (MILSTAR) geostationary satellite also has mobile-satellite capability in this band, with a transponder that provides four Air Force Satellite Communications (AFSATCOM IIR) channels and a fleet broadcast channel.

The Navy has launched the next generation mobile satellites, termed the Multiple User Objective System (MUOS) that use the bands 243.525-270.05 MHz and 280-320 MHz. The MUOS is undergoing testing and is not fully operational as of September, 2014. The Navy has awarded contracts for the MUOS, and overall, the MUOS will be $6.4 billion system. The MUOS enables communications to various terminal devices such as handhelds, laptops, and personal communications units. To support legacy systems, the MUOS will use a narrowband system of 64 kbps/channel and below. The MUOS will use wideband-code-division-multiple-access (WCDMA) technology, the same technology as some forms of the third generation (3G) commercial cellphone technology. The capacity is 4 Mbps per antenna beam.

In general, the band 225-328.6 MHz is reserved for military uses by North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), its member nations, and other U.S. allies. The band is harmonized among NATO-member nations for secure communications.

(Information extracted from the NTIA Federal Government Spectrum Use Reports, dated December 1, 2015)

Frequency Bands
Band	Use	Service	Table
225 - 322 MHz	Military mobile-satellite communications	Mobile-satellite	F
335.4 - 399.9 MHz	Military mobile-satellite communications	Mobile-satellite	F

External Links:

FAS Space Policy Project, DSCS III Satellite Description (fas.org)

NTIA Spectrum Use Summary 225.0-328.6 MHz

UHF-MILSATCOM frequencies (RadioReference.com)

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Mobile User Objective System (MUOS)

According to the U.S. Navy:

Mobile User Object System (MUOS) is a narrowband Military Satellite Communications (MILSATCOM) system that supports a worldwide, multi-Service population of mobile and fixed-site terminal users in the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band, providing increased communications capabilities to smaller terminals while still supporting interoperability to legacy terminals.

MUOS adapts a commercial third generation Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) cellular phone network architecture and combines it with geosynchronous satellites (in place of cell towers) to provide a new and more capable UHF MILSATCOM system. The constellation of four operational satellites and ground network control will provide greater than 10 times the system capacity of the current UHF Follow-On (UFO) constellation.

The first MUOS satellite was launched February 24th, 2012, and began operations in August 2012. The MUOS constellation will eventually be comprised of four GSO satellites and one in-orbit spare. The operational satellites will be located at 177 deg W (Pacific), 100 deg W (CONUS), 15.5 deg W (Atlantic), and 75 deg E (Indian). The spare satellite will be parked at 72 deg E.

The satellites transmit 9.8 W of power into a 14 m dish. The service links are comprised of four 5 MHz-wide SA-WCDMA channels occupying the 20 MHz wide UHF uplink and downlink bands.

Frequency Bands
Band	Use	Service	Table
300 - 320 MHz	MUOS service uplink	Mobile-satellite	F
360 - 380 MHz	MUOS service downlink	Mobile-satellite	F
20.2 - 21.2 GHz	MUOS feeder downlink	Fixed-satellite	F
30 - 31 GHz	MUOS feeder uplink	Fixed-satellite	F

External Links:

"The Mobile User Objective System" (Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Lab Technical Digest)

MUOS (Wikipedia)

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Space operations

In FCC 23-76 (2023), the FCC modified their rules to increase the amount of spectrum available to non-government space operations:

"[W]e adopt a new secondary allocation in the 2025-2110 MHz band for non-Federal space operations, remove the restriction on use of the 2200-2290 MHz secondary non-Federal space operation allocation to four specific sub channels to make the entire 2200-2290 MHz band available, add a non Federal secondary mobile allocation to the 2200-2290 MHz band, and adopt licensing and technical rules for space launch operations. Additionally, we amend the allocation for the 399.9-400.05 MHz band to permit the deployment of Federal space stations. We also seek further comment on whether to adopt licensing and operating rules for payload activities as well as on modifying our existing 2360-2395 MHz space launch rules and on possible additional licensing provisions for sub-orbital launch vehicles. These actions will encourage the continued development of a robust U.S. commercial space sector to the benefit of national interests in security, prosperity, and science."

Frequency Bands
Band	Use	Service	Table
399.9 - 400.05 MHz	Federal space stations	Mobile-satellite	F
2025 - 2110 MHz	Non-federal space operations	Space Operation	N
2200 - 2290 MHz	Non-federal space operations	Space Operation	N
2360 - 2395 MHz	Possible space operation allocation	Space Operation	N

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IEEE 802.15.4 HRP UWB

High pulse repetition frequency ultra-wideband (HPR UWB) is one of the physical layers defined for low data rate personal area network (LR-WPAN) communications in the IEEE 802.15.4 standard.

According to the FiRa Consortium:

"In challenging environments, such as parking structures, hospitals, airports and high density venues, ultra-wideband (UWB) technology outperforms other technologies in terms of accuracy, power consumption, robustness in wireless connectivity, and security, by a wide margin.

"UWB securely determines the relative position of peer devices with a very high degree of accuracy and can operate with line of sight at up to 200 meters. In contrast to narrow band wireless technologies, the use of wide bandwidth means UWB provides very stable connectivity, with little to no interference and offers highly precise positioning, even in congested multi-path signal environments.

"By calculating precise location, fine ranging based on UWB is a more secure approach to closing and opening locks, whether those locks are installed on a car door, a warehouse entryway, a conference room, or your front door."

Frequencies
Frequency	Bandwidth	Use	Service	Table
499.2 MHz	499.2 MHz	802.15.4 HRP UWB Channel 0	-	-
3494.4 MHz	499.2 MHz	802.15.4 HRP UWB Channel 1	-	-
3993.6 MHz	499.2 MHz	802.15.4 HRP UWB Channel 2	-	-
3993.6 MHz	1.3312 GHz	802.15.4 HRP UWB Channel 4	-	-
4492.8 MHz	499.2 MHz	802.15.4 HRP UWB Channel 3	-	-
6489.6 MHz	1.0816 GHz	802.15.4 HRP UWB Channel 7	-	-
6489.6 MHz	499.2 MHz	802.15.4 HRP UWB Channel 5	-	-
6988.8 MHz	499.2 MHz	802.15.4 HRP UWB Channel 6	-	-
7488 MHz	499.2 MHz	802.15.4 HRP UWB Channel 8	-	-
7987.2 MHz	1.3312 GHz	802.15.4 HRP UWB Channel 11	-	-
7987.2 MHz	499.2 MHz	802.15.4 HRP UWB Channel 9	-	-
8486.4 MHz	499.2 MHz	802.15.4 HRP UWB Channel 10	-	-
8985.6 MHz	499.2 MHz	802.15.4 HRP UWB Channel 12	-	-
9484.8 MHz	1.35497 GHz	802.15.4 HRP UWB Channel 15	-	-
9484.8 MHz	499.2 MHz	802.15.4 HRP UWB Channel 13	-	-
9984 MHz	499.2 MHz	802.15.4 HRP UWB Channel 14	-	-

External Links:

IEEE 802.15.4 standard (IEEE)

IEEE 802.15.4 (Wikipedia)

Associated Files:

802.15.4 HRP UWB PHY band allocation

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NASA Differential GPS (NTIA)

NASA uses this band to provide differential Global Positioning System (GPS) for mission support, and equipment calibration. The systems operate at Edwards AFB, CA; White Sands Space Harbor, NM; and at the Kennedy Space Center, FL.

(Information extracted from the NTIA Federal Government Spectrum Use Reports, dated December 1, 2015)

Frequency Bands
Band	Use	Service	Table
328.6 - 335.4 MHz	NASA Differential GPS (CA, NM, FL)	-	F

External Links:

NTIA Spectrum Use Summary 328.6-335.4 MHz

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Occupancy Measurements (10)

Engineering Data

	Lower Frequency	Center Frequency	Upper Frequency
Frequency	335.4 MHz	367.65 MHz	399.9 MHz
Wavelength	89.4 cm	81.5 cm	75.0 cm
Band designator(s)	UHF	UHF	UHF
Isotropic collecting area	635.8 cm²	529.1 cm²	447.2 cm²
Free space loss (1 m)	23.0 dB	23.8 dB	24.2 dB
Free space loss (1 km)	83.0 dB	83.8 dB	84.2 dB
Free space loss (10 km)	103.0 dB	103.8 dB	104.2 dB
Free space loss (100 km)	123.0 dB	123.8 dB	124.2 dB
Free space loss (1000 km)	143.0 dB	143.8 dB	144.2 dB
Free space loss (35,786 km = GEO orbit)	174.0 dB	174.8 dB	175.3 dB
Free space loss (378,370 km = Moon)	194.5 dB	195.3 dB	195.8 dB